Hunhu hwepanyama uye mashandisirwo ecalcium chloride

Calcium chloride munyu unoumbwa nema chloride ions nema calcium ions. Anhydrous calcium chloride ine hunyoro hwakasimba, inoshandiswa se desiccant yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kuwedzera kuguruva remumugwagwa, ivhu rinovandudza ivhu, refrigerant, mvura inochenesa, paste agent. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira calcium, mishonga, zvekudya, zvekudya, uye zvinhu zvekugadzira calcium yesimbi.

Hunhu hwepanyama hwecalcium chloride

Calcium chloride haina ruvara rwekristaro, chena kana kuti chena, ine granular, honeycomb block, spheroid, isina kurongeka, ine upfu. Pokunyunguduka 782°C, density 1.086 g/mL pa20°C, pokufashaira 1600°C, mvura inonyunguduka 740 g/L. Inonaka zvishoma, haina hwema, inovava zvishoma. Inonaka zvakanyanya uye inonyungudika nyore nyore kana yaiswa mumhepo.

Inonyungudika nyore mumvura, uku ichiburitsa kupisa kwakawanda (calcium chloride dissolving enthalpy ye -176.2cal/g), mvura yayo ine acid zvishoma. Inonyungudika mualcohol, acetone, acetic acid. Ichishanda neammonia kana ethanol, CaCl2·8NH3 uye CaCl2·4C2H5OH complexes dzakagadzirwa, zvichiteerana. Pakupisa kwakaderera, mhinduro yacho inonamira uye inodonha sehexahydrate, iyo inonyungudika zvishoma nezvishoma mumvura yayo yecrystalline kana yapiswa kusvika 30 ° C, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inorasikirwa nemvura kana yapiswa kusvika 200 ° C, uye inova dihydrate kana yapiswa kusvika 260 ° C, iyo inova chena ine porous anhydrous calcium chloride.

Karusiyamu chloride isina mvura

1, hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari: cubic crystal isina ruvara, chena kana kuti isina maburi machena kana granular solid. Huwandu hwezvinhu hwakafanana i2.15, nzvimbo yekunyunguduka i782℃, nzvimbo yekufashaira iri pamusoro pe1600℃, hygrhygability yakasimba kwazvo, iri nyore kudzikamisa, iri nyore kunyunguduka mumvura, uku ichiburitsa kupisa kwakawanda, isina hwema, kuravira kunovava zvishoma, mvura ine acid zvishoma, inonyunguduka mualcohol, acrylic vinegar, acetic acid.

2, kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa: Inobatsira pakugadzira pigments dzeruvara rwedziva. Kugadzirwa kwenitrogen, acetylene gasi, hydrogen chloride, oxygen nedzimwe gasi desiccant. Alcohols, ethers, esters uye acrylic resins zvinoshandiswa sezvinhu zvinobvisa mvura mumuviri, uye mvura yavo inoshandiswa mufiriji inokosha mufiriji nefiriji. Inogona kukurumidzisa kuoma kwekongiri, kuwedzera kutonhora kwesimbi yesimbi, uye inodzivirira kutonhora. Inoshandiswa senzira yekudzivirira aluminium magnesium metallurgy, uye inochenesa.

Karusiyamu chloride inoputika

1, hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari: kristaro isina ruvara, chigadzirwa ichi chichena, kristaro isina kuchena. Kuravira kunovava, uye kunhuhwirira kwakasimba.
Kuwanda kwayo kuri 0.835, inonyungudika nyore mumvura, mvura yayo haina kana alkaline zvishoma, inoparadza, inonyungudika mualcohol uye hainyungudike mu ether, uye inobviswa mvura kuita chinhu chisina mvura kana yapiswa kusvika 260℃. Mamwe maitiro emakemikari akafanana ne calcium chloride isina mvura.

2, basa uye mashandisirwo: flake calcium chloride inoshandiswa se refrigerant; Antifreeze agent; Aizi yakanyungudutswa kana sinou; Zvinodzora moto pakupedzisa nekupedzisa machira edonje; Zvinochengetedza huni; Kugadzirwa kwerabha semushonga wekupeta; Sitachi yakasanganiswa inoshandiswa semushonga wekunama.

Mhinduro yemvura yecalcium chloride

Mushonga wecalcium chloride une hunhu hwekufambiswa kwemhepo, nzvimbo yekuomesa nechando yakaderera pane mvura, kupisa kunonyangarika kana wasangana nemvura, uye une basa riri nani rekudzikisa mvura, uye nzvimbo yayo yekuomesa nechando yakaderera inogona kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaindasitiri nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji.

Basa remushonga wecalcium chloride:

1. Alkaline: Calcium ion hydrolysis ine alkaline, uye hydrogen chloride inoshanduka-shanduka mushure mekusanganiswa kwe chloride ion.
2, kutungamirwa kwemhepo: mune maayoni mumhinduro anogona kufamba zvakasununguka.
3, nzvimbo yekuomesa: nzvimbo yekuomesa ine calcium chloride solution yakaderera pane mvura.
4, pokufashaira: pokufashaira calcium chloride mvura pokufashaira yakakwira kupfuura mvura.
5, kuumbwa kwemvura inoyerera: mhinduro yemvura inoyerera yecalcium chloride kuumbwa kwemvura inoyerera kuti ive mumhepo yakazara nehydrogen chloride.

Chinobvisa tsvina

Calcium chloride inogona kushandiswa se desiccant kana dehydrating agent yemagasi nezvinwiwa zve organic. Zvisinei, haigone kushandiswa kuomesa ethanol ne ammonia, nekuti ethanol ne ammonia zvinosangana ne calcium chloride kuti zvigadzire alcohol complex CaCl2·4C2H5OH uye ammonia complex CaCl2·8NH3, zvichiteerana. Anhydrous calcium chloride inogonawo kugadzirwa muzvinhu zvemumba zvinoshandiswa se air hygroscopic agent, anhydrous calcium chloride semushonga wekunyudza mvura yakatenderwa neFDA kuti ishandiswe pakubatsira vanhu kutanga, basa rayo nderekuona kuti ronda raoma.
Nekuti calcium chloride haina kwayakarerekera, inogona kuomesa magasi ane acidic kana alkaline uye organic liquids, asiwo murabhoritari kugadzira magasi mashoma akadai senitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nezvimwewo, pakuomesa magasi aya anogadzirwa. Granular anhydrous calcium chloride inowanzo shandiswa se desiccant yekuzadza mapaipi ekuomesa, uye algae hombe (kana seaweed ash) yakaomeswa necalcium chloride inogona kushandiswa kugadzira soda ash. Mamwe ma dehumidifier epamba anoshandisa calcium chloride kunwisa hunyoro kubva mumhepo.
Karusiyamu ine mvura inopararira pamusoro pemugwagwa une jecha, uye hunhu hwe hygroscopic hwekarusiyamu ine mvura inoshandiswa kudzikamisa hunyoro mumhepo kana hunyoro hwemhepo hwakaderera pane dova kuti mugwagwa ugare wakanyorova, kuitira kuti guruva ridzorerwe mumugwagwa.