Dioxane？ Ingori nyaya yekusarura

Chii chinonzi dioksani? Yakabvepi?

Dioxane, nzira chaiyo yekunyora nayo ndeye dioxane. Nekuti zvakaipa zvakaoma kunyora, muchinyorwa chino tichashandisa mazwi akaipa akajairika panzvimbo pezvo. Imusanganiswa weorganic, unozivikanwawo se dioxane, 1, 4-dioxane, mvura isina ruvara. Dioxane acute toxicity ine chepfu shoma, ine anesthetic uye mhedzisiro inosimudzira. Sekureva kweSafety Technical Code of Cosmetics muChina, dioxane chikamu chinorambidzwa chezvizoro. Sezvo zvichirambidzwa kuwedzera, nei zvizoro zvichiri kuonekwa ne dioxane? Nezvikonzero zvisingadzivisike tekinoroji, zvinokwanisika kuti dioxane iiswe muzvizoro sekusachena. Saka chii chiri muzvinhu zvakagadzirwa?

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa pakuchenesa shampoos uye body washes i sodium fatty alcohol ether sulfate, inozivikanwawo se sodium AES kana SLES. Chikamu ichi chinogona kugadzirwa kubva mumafuta emuchindwe chaiwo kana petroleum sezvinhu zvakagadzirwa kuita mafuta alcohols, asi chinogadzirwa kuburikidza nematanho akatevedzana akadai se ethoxylation, sulfonation, uye neutralization. Danho guru i ethoxylation, mudanho iri re reaction process, unofanirwa kushandisa raw material ye ethylene oxide, inova raw material monomer inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekugadzira makemikari, mukuita ethoxylation reaction, pamusoro pekuwedzera ethylene oxide kune fatty alcohol kugadzira ethoxylated fatty alcohol. Kunewo chikamu chidiki che ethylene oxide (EO) mamorekuru maviri maviri condensation kugadzira by-product, kureva, muvengi we dioxane, reaction chaiyo inogona kuratidzwa mumufananidzo unotevera:

Kazhinji, vagadziri vezvinhu zvekugadzira vachave nematanho ekupedzisira ekuparadzanisa nekuchenesa dioxane, vagadziri vezvinhu zvekugadzira zvakasiyana vachave nematanho akasiyana, vagadziri vezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira zvemhando dzakasiyana vachatongawo chiratidzo ichi, kazhinji kacho 20 kusvika 40ppm. Nezve mwero wezviri muchigadzirwa chapera (senge shampoo, kugeza muviri), hapana zviratidzo zvepasi rose. Mushure mechiitiko cheBawang shampoo muna 2011, China yakaisa mwero wezvigadzirwa zvakapera paasingasviki 30ppm.

Dioxane inokonzera kenza, inokonzera here matambudziko ekuchengetedza?

Sezvinhu zvakashandiswa kubvira Hondo Yenyika II, sodium sulfate (SLES) pamwe chete nedioxane yayo zvakadzidzwa zvakanyanya. United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yave ichidzidza nezve dioxane muzvigadzirwa zvevatengi kwemakore makumi matatu, uye Health Canada yakagumisa kuti kuvapo kwehuwandu hushoma hwe dioxane muzvigadzirwa zvezvizoro hakupi njodzi kuhutano hwevatengi, kunyangwe vana (Canada). Sekureva kweAustralian National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, muganho wakakodzera we dioxane muzvigadzirwa zvevatengi i30ppm, uye muganho wepamusoro wemuganho unobvumirwa nehupfu i100ppm. MuChina, mushure megore ra2012, muganho we30ppm wehuwandu hwe dioxane muzvizoro wakaderera zvikuru pane muganho wepamusoro unobvumirwa nehupfu we100ppm mumamiriro ekushandisa akajairika.

Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti muganho we dioxane muzviyero zvekushongedza muChina uri pasi pe30ppm, inova ndiyo mwero wepamusoro pasi rose. Nekuti kutaura zvazviri, nyika zhinji nenzvimbo dzine muganho wakakwira pahuwandu hwe dioxane kupfuura mwero wedu kana kuti dzisina mwero wakajeka:

Kutaura zvazviri, huwandu hushoma hwe dioxane hunowanikwawo. US Toxic Substances and Disease Registry inotaura kuti dioxane inowanikwa muhuku, matomatisi, shrimp uye kunyange mumvura yedu yekunwa. World Health Organization Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality (Third edition) inotaura kuti muganho we dioxane mumvura i50 μg/L.

Saka kupfupisa dambudziko rekenza re dioxane mumutsara mumwe chete, ndiko kuti: zvisinei nedosi remushonga kutaura nezvekukuvadza kwacho ibenzi.

Kana dioxane iri shoma, kunaka kwayo kunowedzerawo, handiti?

Dioxane haisiyo yega chiratidzo chemhando yeSLES. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvakaita sehuwandu hwezvinhu zvisina sulfonated uye huwandu hwezvinhu zvinogumbura zviri muchigadzirwa zvakakoshawo kufunga nezvazvo.

Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuziva kuti SLES inouyawo muhukuru hwakasiyana, musiyano mukuru uri wehuwandu hwe ethoxylation, dzimwe dzine 1 EO, dzimwe dzine 2, 3 kana kunyange 4 EO (zvechokwadi, zvigadzirwa zvine nzvimbo dzedesimali dzakadai se1.3 na2.6 zvinogonawo kugadzirwa). Kana huwandu hwe ethoxidation hwakawedzera, ndiko kuti, huwandu hweEO hwakakwira, huwandu hwe dioxane hunogadzirwa pasi pemaitiro akafanana nemamiriro ekucheneswa.

Zvisinei, zvinofadza kuti chikonzero chekuwedzera EO ndechekuderedza kushatirwa kweSLES inosvira, uye kana huwandu hweEO SLES hwakawedzera, ganda harinyanyi kushatirwa, kureva kuti, harinyanyi kushatirwa, uye zvinopesana. Pasina EO, iSLS, iyo isingafarirwi nezvinhu zviri mairi, inova chinhu chinokurudzira zvikuru.

Saka, kushaikwa kwe dioxane hazvirevi kuti chinhu chakanaka chekugadzira. Nekuti kana huwandu hwe EO huri hudiki, kushatirwa kwechinhu chacho kuchawedzera.

Muchidimbu:

Dioxane haisi chinhu chinowedzerwa nemabhizinesi, asi chinhu chisina kucheneswa chinofanira kugara muzvinhu zvisina kucheneswa zvakaita seSLES, izvo zvakaoma kudzivisa. Kwete muSLES chete, kutaura zvazviri, chero bedzi ethoxylation ichiitwa, pachava nehuwandu hushoma hwe dioxane, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kucheneswa zvekuchengetedza ganda zvine dioxane. Kubva pakuona kwenjodzi, sechinhu chasara, hapana chikonzero chekutevera zviri mukati me0, tora tekinoroji yekuona iripo, "hazvina kucheneswa" hazvirevi kuti zviri mukati me0.

Saka, kutaura nezvekukuvadza kunopfuura mwero wekushandiswa kwacho kunoreva kuva gangster. Kuchengetedzwa kwe dioxane kwave kuchidzidzwa kwemakore mazhinji, uye kuchengetedzeka kwakakodzera uye mwero unokurudzirwa wakagadzwa, uye zvasara zviri pasi pe 100ppm zvinoonekwa sezvakachengeteka. Asi nyika dzakadai seEuropean Union hadzina kuzviita mwero unosungirwa. Zvinodiwa zvemuno kuti dioxane ive muzvigadzirwa zviri pasi pe 30ppm.

Saka, dioxane iri mushampoo haifanirwe kunetseka nezvegomarara. Nezvemashoko asiri echokwadi ari munhau, ikozvino wava kunzwisisa kuti ingori yekuda kutariswa.